Characterization of kenaf/PLA composites

Advanced composite materials based on natural fibers and thermoplastic matrices have received great scientific attention especially in the area of lightweight, environmentally friendly, cost-effective composite materials. Special interest has been paid to kenaf fibers as potential reinforcing fillers in many thermoplastic composites. Bio-plastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) are currently in the spotlight as ecofriendly plastics that effectively utilize reproducible materials. In this paper the research is focused on preparation and characterization of an eco-friendly and cost – effective polymer composites as constructive materials for houses and offices. The technological procedure for production of PLA /kenaf fiber composites was determined. Kenaf / PLA preforms were molded by thermo compression in a closed mold. Various kinds of kenaf/PLA preforms with different thickness, specific weight and fiber / matrix ratios were molded. The composites have been constructed as multiple prepreg layers (2 or 4 layers) in the mold cavity, depending on the thickness of the starting kenaf / PLA performs and in accordance with the targeted thickness. The composites were cured at 175 OC for 20 minutes, under pressure. The basic physical and mechanical properties of the composites were tested. Higher mechanical properties (flexural strength 21,7 MPa, modulus 1,22 GPa, impact resistance 60,3 kJ/m2 and compression strength 6,5 MPa) were obtained for composites containing 60% fibers and 40% matrix, 20 mm thin and with specific weight of 40 kg/m3