Makedonščina: geneo-, tipo- in sociolingvistična opredelitev

The article attempts to define Macedonian from the view-point of linguistic genealogy and typology as well as sociolinguistics. The genesis of Macedonian and Bulgarian as geolects within Eastern South Slavic is discussed from the vantage point of genealogical linguistics, using the relative chronology and the geographical distribution of the individual linguistic changes. The typological part of the discussion then attempts to establish the position of Macedonian in the context of the so-called Balkan Sprachbund. Finally, the process of standardisation and the legal status of modern Macedonian literary/standard language as a sociolect are presented, thus shedding additional light on the linguistic system under discussion from the sociolinguistic point of view.V prispevku je makedonščina opredeljena geneo-, tipo- in sociolingvistično. S stališča genealoškega jezikoslovja je s pomočjo relativne kronologije in zemljepisne razširjenosti relevantnih jezikovnih sprememb prikazano oblikovanje makedonščine in bolgarščine kot geolektov znotraj vzhodne južne slovanščine. Z gledišča tipološkega jezikoslovja je umeščena v kontekst balkanske jezikovne zveze. Sociolingvistični pogled pa prikaže proces standardizacije in pravni položaj sodobnega makedonskega knjižnega/standardnega jezika kot sociolekta