Implications of Immigration Policies for the U.S. Farm Sector and Workforce

We develop a theoretical model using migration and trade theory to examine the effects of domestic and border enforcement policies on unauthorized workers and the U.S. agricultural sector. The theoretical results show that heightened immigration policies increase the illegal farm wage rate, and reduce the employment of unauthorized farm workers and exports. The empirical analysis show that increased domestic enforcements curtail the number of undocumented farm workers by an average of 8947 and commodity exports to Mexico by an average of $180 million. The tighter border control curbs illegal farm workers by 8147 and reduces farm exports by $181 million