Involvement of circulating inflammatory factors in prognosis and risk of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an inflammatory disease that different factors play a crucial role in the development of clinical outcome of this disease. Inflammation could have effects on initiation, progression, and clinical complications of CVD. Previous studies have indicated that delineating the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory factors involved in this disease should be considerably beneficial both as predictive markers and targets for advancement of appropriate therapeutic approaches in offsetting development and progression of cardiovascular complications. Mechanisms of inflammatory factors involved in CVD combined with the development of atherosclerosis, reperfusion injury, and myocardial infarction caused by changes in processes such as endothelial cells function and hemostasis can contribute to the development of clinical outcome in CVD. Therefore, it can be stated that recognition of inflammatory mechanisms involved in this disease can be a promising tool for evaluation of prognosis in CVD patients. In this article, our goal is to evaluate the possible role of changes in the expressions of inflammatory factors in CVD as well as their relationship with prognosis of this disease. © 2019 Elsevier Lt