Pengaruh Perlakuan Awal Basa Terhadap Komposisi Lignoselulosa Kulit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Cacao pod, soid waste of cacao, contains high lignocelluloses which can be converted into bioethanol after pretreatment and hidrolysis. Objectives of this research were to find out the effect of pretreatment with NaOH on cacao pod lignocellulose composition. Two factors in this recearch were arranged factorialy in completely random bock design with three repications. The first factor was heating duration with was consisted of 15 and 30 minutes. The second factor was NaOH concentrations consisting of 0, 0,5 1,0 , 1,5 dan 2,0 M. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and orthogonal polynomial test. The best treatment was submerssion of cacao pod into 1,59 M NaOH solution at 121o C for 30 minutes. This treatment was able to decrease cacao pod lignin from 24,32% to 0,60%, decrease cacao hemicellulose from 21,59% to 9,54%, and increase cacao pod cellulose from 15,94% to 35,05%. Keywords: cacao pod, lignocelluloses, pretreatment with NaOH, bioethanol