¿EL ÁMBITO PROFESIONAL MODIFICA LA CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN ENFERMERA? ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO ENTRE ENFERMERAS DEL ÁMBITO MÉDICO Y QUIRÚRGICO

Resting is essential for physical and mental well being of everyone and inadequate coverage of this requirement negatively affects the patient and disturbs life quality. Insomnia, defined as "a persistent weakness in the quantity of sleep that affects the normal activity and well being of the individual," is a common complaint among hospitalized patients; a reason that justifies the need of special attention to this problem. Our objectives were to identify factors that affect rest, and whether the nursing staff is aware of these factors. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the hematology and oncology units during the month of March 2008. To collect the data we created a survey for patients and for nurses. A percentage of 91% of the sample responded that they woke up during the night in the hospital and 40% do so more than three times. The factors that affect the rest of the patient are the psychological factors (concern about the disease, the family, and boredom during hospitalization). To conclude it is emphasized that both patients and nurses agree that a high percentage do not sleep in the hospital. The nursing staff showed a good perception of the major causes of insomnia in patients. Both have agreed on the extent to which psychological factors influence the pattern of rest/sleep. Therefore it is important that the nursing staff devote special attention to the management of psychological factors through different techniques.La enfermería tiene una imagen estereotipada por la sociedad, la visión del paradigma de la categorización ha dominado la formación de las enfermeras, por lo que es interesante conocer qué piensan las enfermeras sobre la propia base de su disciplina a través del estudio de los elementos del metaparadigma enfermero y comparar si la especialidad del ámbito modifica nuestra perspectiva. Objetivo: Analizar y comparar la perspectiva sobre los elementos del metaparadigma enfermero entre enfermeros del ámbito médico y del ámbito quirúrgico. Método: Estudio comparativo, observacional, transversal. A través de cuestionario de elaboración propia entre abril-mayo 2006. Resultados: 40 enfermeras del ámbito quirúrgico y 61 del ámbito médico. Edad 38±9 en cirugía, 34,5±9 en medicina. Años experiencia laboral: 16±11 y 12±8. Modelo de formación mayoritario Henderson. Se identifican mayoritariamente con definiciones de enfermería basada en Henderson, salud basada en Erickson, entorno basadas en Roy y Henderson y persona fundada en Travelbee. Conclusiones: los ámbitos estudiados no modifican la perspectiva sobre los elementos del metapradigma enfermer