Transcranial direct current stimulation over the tongue motor cortex reduces appetite in healthy humans

Obesity is avmajor concern in many societies for its impact on individual health and societal costs. Therapeutic options however are still limited with respect to efficacy and applicability. Food impulsivity and hyperphagia play a key role in obesity and are associated with alterations of the activity of several brain structures of the reward system. Here, we tested whether downregulation of the tongue muscle representing area of the primary motor cortex (tnM1) via transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) e a plasticity-inducing noninvasive brain stimulation tool - reduces hunger in healthy humans