The chapter is built upon a premise that work for human security would be best viewed from the International Labour Organization 's (ILO) decent work perspective. In developing countries, as the majority of the 47 Muslim Majority Countries (MMCs) in Asia and Africa are categorized, the availability of work per se simply cannot be treated as a step toward human security. This is because in a poor society, in most cases people cannot afford to be unemployed. In this context, then, the notions of working poor and vulnerable employment enter the picture. These are not decent and far from fulfilling the idea of 'freedom from want'. This chapter examines human security in MMCs with a focus on work/employment. In addition, snapshots from several ...