What are the obstacles to the integration of Iraqi Muslim Shiite refugees in Sydney, Australia?

This study examines the concept of integration, its importance to the Iraqi refugee community and the obstacles facing their integration in Australia. The importance of the research emerges from the perceived failure of attempts by many Western governments to find a solution to the problem of integration of refugees, particularly those of Islamic background. This research is critical in the current context where refugees are seen as a threat to Australian social cohesion. The study uses a mixed methodology using questionnaires and in-depth interviews to specifically investigate the cultural, economic, social and religious dynamics shaping the desires of Iraqi refugees in South-Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Wider social factors such as racial discrimination, prejudice, and the influence of policies framing their settlement are also examined to provide a contextualised account of one of the most pressing issues confronting Western social systems today. The study looks at theories of integration in relation to assimilation and multiculturalism. The purpose is to understand the complexities of processes of integration and the obstacles to achieving different types of integration. Findings indicate that the mastery of the English language, employment and the ability to establish social networks with Australian people are important factors to integration. In addition, because integration is a two-way process, there is a need to educate the host community about refugees, and policies must be reviewed and amended, in terms of education and employment, to ensure the social inclusion and successful integration of Iraqi refugees