Legal considerations in using a dual platform instrument in the analysis of gunshot and environmental particles

Forensic science plays an important role in the search and analysis of gunshot residue particles (GSR) emitted from a discharged firearm. These particles have two features of identification, their composition and morphology, and are detected by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Studies have highlighted that some environmental particles may be misinterpreted as GSR. Using scanning electron microscopy and a focused ion beam, the morphology of a variety of particles are being reassessed. The dual platform instrument is not well known in the forensic community and the criminal court system and requires general acceptance. This discussion will focus on the legal considerations required in the analysis of gunshot and environmental particles to ensure that the scientific evidence is valid and admissible