Comparative analysis of Maori and European folk tales : illustrated Maori myths and legends

This paper introduces six different approaches to folk tales. Two approaches, the folkloristic (Aantti Aarne: Index of Types of Folktale, 1910; Stith Thompson: Motif-Index of folk literature, 1921, 1961) and the structuralistic (Vladimir Propp, 1928) were prevalent in the first half of the 20th century. They also increased interest in folktale research in the second half of 20th century. Max Luthi's (1947) literary approach, above all with key term named onedimensionality influenced further researches in Europe. In the second half of the 20th century, there was continued interest in psychoanalysis and Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory. Bruno Bettelheim (1976) become influential but at the same time was also criticized for connecting folk and fairy tales and sexuality. Different views in psychoanalysis were developed by Carl Gustav Jung (archetypes in fairy tales) and Maria Louise von Franz. The sociological approach developed Jack Zipes became dominant in the 1980s and 1990s and influenced the development of the feministic view on the forms of folk fairy tales and gender studies... Representative of feministic theory are Maria Tatar, Marina Warner and Clarisa Pinkola Estes (Woman who Run with the Wolves: Myths and Stories of the Wild Woman Archetypes, 1992). Estes brought together two different approaches, the feminist approach along with stress on archetypes