Bioactivities of hexane and dichloromethane extracts from rhizophora apiculata and rhizophora mucronata bark.

Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata were selected for antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The objectives of this study were firstly to determine the amount of dichloromethane (DCM) and hexane crude extracts from R. apicuiata and R.mucronata barks. Secondly to investigated the antifungal properties of DCM and hexane extracts. Lastly was to identify the chemical constituents ofDCM and hexane extracts from R. apiculata and R. mucronata. Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry techniques performed to identify and characterize the chemical constituents and composition of hexane and DCM extracts from R.apiculata and R.mucronata. The hexane extracts from R.apiculata contained 2-propenoic acid (44.05%), 1,2-propanediol (14.94%), 5h-indeno[I,2-b]pyridine (12.63%), 4,4,6a,6b,8a,1l, 11,14b-octamethyl-l (4.74 %) followed by di-n-octyl phthalate with (3.57%). The major compounds identified from hexane extract of R.mucronata were 4,4,6a,6b,8a,1l,1l,14b-octamethyl-l (35.29%) , 2-propanediol 18.28, di-n-octyl phthalate 14.44, 4,4,6a,6b,8a,II,II,14b-octamethyl- 1 (9.52%) followed by urs-12-ene (8.98%). The major compounds identified from dichloromethane extract of R. apiculata were di-n-octyl phthalate (39.43%), 1, 2-Propanediol (28.91%). Another compound identified from dichloromethane extract ofR.mucronata were di-n-octyl phthalate (80.51 %) , 5H-Indeno[I,2­ b]pyridine (14.73%), 1,2-propanediol (2.02%) followed by naphtho[2,3-b] thiophene (0.18%). Selected bacteria and fungi were used to test antibacterial and antifungal activity of these plant extracts. This study showed high activity of antibacterial when tested with different types of bacteria such as is E.coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, S.aures, P.aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Antifungal activity of plant material indicating presence ofbioactive compounds against Fusarium solani and Aspergillus niger. R. apiculata and R.mucronata both shows antifungal and antibacterial properties by inhibiting the growth of microorganism used