Field interpretation of earth remote sensing data and ground field surveys in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kostanay region in the pre-sowing season

The aim of the research is to carry out field and office work on conducting a sub-satellite survey on test sites of the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Grain-sowing districts of the Kostanay region were selected as the objects of examination: Karabalyk, Fedorov, Mendykara, Uzunkol, Sarykol, Altynsarin, Kostanay, Denisov, Karasu, Taranov, Zhitikara, Auliekol, Kamysty, Naurzum. The determination of the reserves of productive soil moisture in the 0-100 cm layer by control points (100 points) carried out in the pre-sowing season of 2019 showed that the soils are characterized by satisfactory and, for the most part, insufficient moisture. The fields fixed in the coordinate system were evaluated by five indicators - pH, humus, nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3), mobile phosphorus (P2O5), and exchange potassium (K2O). Most of the soils examined had a soil solution reaction that was neutral or close to neutral. In terms of humus content, soils of the Karabalyk, Fedorov, Uzunkol and Sarykol districts had an average degree of availability, which exceeded the indicators of other districts of the Kostanai region and depended on the type of soil. The content of the basic elements of plant nutrition - nitrogen and phosphorus - varied within various limits, and, to a large extent, was determined by the previous culture, tillage, fertilizer application, and climatic conditions of the year. The level of exchangeable potassium in the soils of the examined districts of the Kostanay region was characterized as elevated or very high