Extraction, Optimization, and Dyeing Standardization using Fresh Orange Citrus Peel on Cotton Fabrics

This research was conducted to explore, characterize, and standardize the orange citrus peel utilization as one of the potential materials for eco-friendly dyeing on cotton. To find out the potential application has been conducted pre-mordant dyeing, which involves alum as mordant. Optimization of the interaction between the fibers, dye, mordant, and fixer, is done through the application of the different washing time, dyeing frequency, as well as fixer types. Orange citrus peel extract used in dyeing was obtained from water solvent extraction. To determine the presence of chromophores that determine the dyeing quality, a spectrum test was performed using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results show that fixation with iron (II) sulfate, alum and lime have triggered an attractive color, namely golden yellow on iron (II) sulfate fixation, and light yellow, which are both produced in alum and lime fixation. Visual and instrumentation evaluation using Diffuse Reflectant Ultra Violet (DRUV) showed that different washing time, dyeing frequency, and fixers had affected the color strength. Specifically, the reflectance percentage produced was 86.54% -56.96% for washing times of 0-6 h; and 78.95%-3.71% for the dyeing frequency 1-10 times. The increase in color intensity that occurs along with a decrease in the reflectance percentage illustrates the potential magnitude for orange citrus peel skin to be further developed as a new natural dye with high economic value in the eco-friendly textile industry