Continuous Homogeneous Asymmetric-Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones: Lessons from Kinetics

Is polymer enlargement of homogeneous catalysts a tedious task? Is not batch operation with homogeneous catalysts the optimum performance point for homogeneous catalysis? Is kinetic modelling relevant to more than academic questions in homogeneous catalysis? Can all answers for a given system be answered satisfactory? In the authors' view, answers to these questions are no, no, yes, and depends. Polymer enlargement allowed the continuous operation of transfer hydrogenation in a chemical membrane reactor with total turnover numbers of up to 2.6 x 10(3) and a space-time yield of 0.58 kg L(-1) d(-1) with an enantiomeric ratio of 26.8 (enantiomeric excess 92.8 %) for a conversion level of 80 %. This was predicted from simulation conducted with a model from kinetic batch experiments adopted for continuous application. These simulations for the polymer-enlarged and the unmodified catalyst show that achieving comparable performance cannot be obtained by batch operation