Tpa1 (for termination and polyadenylation) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a component of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex at the 3 untranslated region of mRNAs. It comprises an N-terminal Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase domain and a C-terminal degradation domain. The N-terminal dioxygenase domain of a homologous Ofd1 protein from Schizosaccharomyces pombe was proposed to serve as an oxygen sensor that regulates the activity of the C-terminal degradation domain. Members of the Tpa1 family are also present in higher eukaryotes including humans. Here I report the crystal structure of S. cerevisiae Tpa1 as a representative member of the Tpa1 family. Structures have been determined as a binary complex with Fe(III) and as ...