Analisis Teknis Ekonomi Laminasi Hybrid Bambu Betung Dengan Variasi Tebal Bilah Kayu Sengon Untuk Pembuatan Lambung Kapal Ikan

Ketersediaan kayu Jati di Indonesia sebagai bahan baku pembuatan kapal ikan sulit diperoleh. Masalah keterbatasan kayu dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan bambu laminasi sebagai material konstruksi kapal ikan. Kayu Sengon tergolong Kelas Kuat III dan Kelas Awet IV, namun tidak tercantum didaftar kayu untuk konstruksi kapal kayu oleh BKI. Potensi pertumbuhan kayu Sengon dan segi kekuatan laminasi bambu Betung, maka penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisa teknis dan ekonomis laminasi hybrid bambu Betung dengan kayu Sengon untuk konstruksi kulit kapal ikan. Material laminasi hybrid yang digunakan sebagai bahan pembangunan kapal harus memenuhi beberapa persyaratan sifat fisis dan sifat mekanisnya. Pengujian fisis dan mekanis pada laminasi hybrid dilakukan dengan variasi tebal kayu Sengon 1x, 2x, 3x tebal bilah bambu Betung. Uji Tarik sesuai ASTM D3500 dan uji tekuk sesuai ASTM3043 dilakukan pada spesimen laminasi hybrid. Nilai hasil uji digunakan sebagai input untuk menghitung ketebalan kulit lambung kapal yang sesuai BKI 2013. Volume kebutuhan material hybrid dan biaya produksi dihitung serta dibandingkan dengan kayu Jati Kelas Kuat II. Berdasarkan hasil uji didapatkan berat jenis laminasi hybrid sebesar 0,589 gr/cm3. Sedangkan kuat tarik dan kuat tekuk ketiga variasi tebal spesimen bilah bambu masing-masing sebesar 91,45 MPa, 101,58 MPa, 67,67 MPa, dan 83,95 MPa, 80,47 MPa, 91,72 Mpa. Tebal kulit hasil perhitungan ketiga variasi masing-masing sebesar 34 mm, 36 mm, 33mm. Dan volumetrik kebutuhan material untuk kulit kapal sebesar 3,75 m3, 3,97 m3, 3,64 m3. Biaya pembangunan kulit lambung kapal laminasi hybrid 18,06 %, 17,02 %, 18,23 % jika dibandingkan dengan kayu Jati solid.=======================================================The availability of of timber as a main component to manufacture fish boats is getting limited. However, this problem can be solved by using laminated bamboo and Sengon wood. Sengon wood is chosen because easily to be grown as a result the availability is abundant and also this wood can be categorized as “Kuat Kelas” and “Kuat Awet IV” but BKI does not enlisted Sengon wood in their fishing ship construction material. Judging from the growth potential of Sengon Wood and the strength of Bamboo Betung lamination, this research is intended for technical analysis and economical hybrid lamination of both materials for ships. The hybrid laminate material used as the building material of the ship must meet several requirements of its physical properties and mechanical properties. The calculation of construction adjusted by BKI 2013 Vol VII and the total cost value will be compared with using Class II Strong Teak Material. Physical and mechanical tests on hybrid laminates were carried out with a variation of thick Sengon 1x wood, 2x, 3x thick Betung bamboo blades. The ASTM D3500 compliant tensile test and ASTM3043 bending test were performed on hybrid laminated specimens. The value of the test results is used as input to calculate the bilge skin thickness according to BKI 2013. The volume of hybrid material needs and the production cost is calculated and compared with the strong grade teak wood II. Based on the test results obtained by weight of hybrid lamination type of 0,589 gr/cm3. While the tensile strength and bending strength of the three thick variations of bamboo blade specimens were 91.45 MPa, 101.58 MPa, 67.67 MPa, and 83.95 MPa, 80.47 MPa, 91.72 MPa respectively. Thick skin calculations of the three variations each of 34 mm, 36 mm, 33 mm. And volumetric requirement of material for ships skin of 3.75 m3, 3.97 m3, 3.64 m3. The cost of hybrid laminated hull skin construction costs 18.06 %, 17.02 %, 18.23 % when compared to solid teak wood