Usage of alternative fuels in marine power systems

Posljednjih desetljeća, uslijed rasta osviještenosti o učincima industrije na ekologiju ulažu se sve veći napori u smanjenje emisija plinova. Međunarodne organizacije uvode nove smjernice i pravila s ciljevima ograničenja emisija plinova i uz to vezanih ekoloških problema. Pooštravanje uvjeta i pravila je pokretač napretka postojećih tehnologija te razmatranja novih čišćih tehnologija osiguravanja energetskih potreba broda. Nove tehnologije podrazumijevaju primjenu alternativnih goriva poput vodika u modificiranim trenutno dostupnim motorima, ali i vodikovu upotrebu u gorivnim člancima. Ustanovljeno je kako su mnoga alternativna goriva znatno su pogodnija za primjenu iz ekološkog aspekta spram konvencionalnih fosilnih goriva, dok se kod nekih alternativnih goriva može postići i nulta emisija ugljikovog dioksida. U ovom radu obrađena su moguća alternativna goriva u pomorskom prometu i način njihove primjene, sagledan je aspekt dostupnosti alternativnih goriva te problemi njihove primjene. Analiziran je Hrvatski energetski sektor s pogledom na zadane buduće ciljeve. Provedena je analiza i usporedba mogućnosti Alternativna goriva; emisije plinova; priobalna plovidba.Alternativna goriva; emisije plinova; priobalna plovidba. na električni pogon trenutno u službi dizel pogonjenog Ro-Ro broda te je izvučen zaključak.In recent decades, due to the growing awareness on the effects of industry on the environment, increasing efforts are being made to reduce gas emissions. International organizations are introducing new guidelines and rules aimed at limiting gas emissions and decreasing related environmental problems. Stricter rules are the driving force behind improving existing technologies to ensure new cleaner technologies which will satisfy the ship’s energy needs. New technologies are considering the use of alternative fuels such as hydrogen in currently available modified engines, but also the use of hydrogen in fuel cells. Many alternative fuels have been found to be more environmentally friendly compared to conventional fossil fuels, while some alternative fuels can achieve zero carbon dioxide emissions. In this thesis, possible alternative fuels and ways of their application are considered. Also, the availability of alternative fuels and the problems of their application were researched. The Croatian energy sector was analyzed bearing in mind the future goals. An analysis and comparison of the possibility of switching to electric propulsion, which is currently in the service of a Ro-Ro diesel-powered ship, was performed and relevant conclusion was drawn. Key words