Treatment of oily wastewater

Zauljena otpadna voda je otpad koji potječe iz industrija koje se primarno bave preradom sirove nafte i proizvodnjom goriva i maziva. U tim otpadnim vodama prisutne su masti i ulja koje moraju biti uklonjene prije nego što se voda može ponovno upotrijebiti. U prvom dijelu ovog rada prikazane su glavne značajke zauljenih otpadnih voda te granične vrijednosti emisija onečišćujućih tvari u otpadnim vodama koje se smiju ispustiti u sustav javne odvodnje. Također, u drugom dijelu rada prikazane su glavne tehnologije pročišćavanja otpadnih voda koje postaju značajan čimbenik u smanjenju onečišćenja okoliša. Ove tehnologije uključuju gravitacijsku i centrifugalnu sedimentaciju, kemijsku obradu, flotaciju, filtraciju membranskih procesa i druge. Glavni cilj rada je upoznati se s opisima njihovim procesima kao i njihovom učinkovitošću. Tehnologije pročišćavanja otpadnih voda su sažete na temelju nedavne literature i patenata.Oily wastewater is waste that comes from industries that are primarily engaged in the processing of crude oil and the production of fuels and lubricants. Fats and oils are present in these wastewater and must be removed before the water can be reused. The first part of this paper presents the main characteristics of oily wastewater and the limit values of pollutant emissions in wastewater that may be discharged into the public sewerage system. Also, the second part of the paper presents the main technologies of wastewater treatment that are becoming a significant factor in reducing environmental pollution. These technologies include gravitational and centrifugal sedimentation, chemical treatment, flotation, filtration of membrane processes and others. The main goal of the paper is to get acquainted with the descriptions of their processes as well as their efficiency. Wastewater treatment technologies are summarized based on recent literature and patents