Types of heat treatments and their application to parts of agricultural techniques

Cilj je ovog rada objasniti što je to toplinska obrada materijala, navesti postupke toplinske obrade materijala, objasniti promjene nastale toplinskom obradom te objasniti princip rada i tipove vakuumskih peći. Promjenom toplinskog stanja mijenjaju se fazni sastav i struktura, a time i svojstva metala. Posljedice promjene su poboljšanje jednih svojstava, uz često pogoršanje drugih. Toplinskom obradom materijala najviše se obrađuju čelici. Budući da postupak toplinske obrade čelika može značajno poboljšati performanse dijelova od legure željeza, on ujedno obuhvaća i razna industrijska područja. (poljoprivreda, proizvodnja zrakoplova, proizvodnja betonskih proizvoda itd.) Proizvodi koji su bili podvrgnuti toplinskoj obradi, mogu raditi u uvjetima dinamičkog povećanog opterećenja i vibracija. Cementiranje osovina, vratila, zupčanika te kaljenje lemeša pluga najčešći su postupci toplinske obrade na dijelovima poljoprivredne tehnike.This research paper aims to clarify and elucidate what material heat treatment is, to adduce the procedure of material heat treatment, as well as to clarify changes incurred by the material heat treatment while elaborating on the concept and types of vacuum furnaces. Changes in the heat state induce changing of the phase structure and composition, along with characteristics of a certain metal. The repercussion of the aforementioned change is often enhancement of some, and degradation of other characteristics. Seeing that the heat treatment of steel may severely enhance performances of some parts of a steel alloy, the above-named treatment is used in various industrial fields such as agriculture, aircraft production, production of concrete products, and more. Products that underwent heat treatment can function in conditions of magnified encumbrance and vibrations. Cementing process of axles, shafts, cogs, and quenching of plows are the most often heat treatments on agricultural equipment