Sarcopenia and obesity as a conceptual model

Stanje sarkopenije najčešće se povezuje sa smanjenjem tjelesne mase odnosno pothranjenošću no jedan od velikih zdravstvenih problema današnjice je sarkopenija pretilosti, kronično stanje okarakterizirano sa smanjenom mišićnom masom i snagom te visokim udjelom masnog tkiva u tijelu. Koncept stanja sarkopenije pretilosti pomoću konceptualnog modela vizualizira, ali i naglašava ozbiljnost problema. Postoje različite metode za dijagnosticiranje sarkopenije pretilosti kao što su antropometrija, bioelektrična impedancija, računalna tomografija i DEXA (eng. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Putevi do sindroma pretilosti i oštećenja mišića su razni te su povezani sa starenjem, tjelesnom aktivnošću, inzulinskom rezistencijom, upalom, hormonom rasta i testosteronom stoga terapija, ali i prevencija, također prikazane kao konceptualni model, uključuju vježbanje, hipokaloričnu dijetu te farmakološku intervenciju.The condition of sarcopenia is most often associated with weight loss or malnutrition, but one of the major health problems today is sarcopenic obesity, a chronic condition characterized by low muscle mass and strength and high body fat. The concept of the state of sarcopenia obesity using a conceptual model visualizes, but also emphasizes the seriousness of the problem. There are various methods for diagnosing sarcopenic obesity such as anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance, and computed tomography, but the gold standard is DEXA (Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry). The pathways to obesity and muscle damage syndrome are diverse and are associated with ageing, physical activity, insulin resistance, inflammation, growth hormone and testosterone. Therapy and prevention, also presented as a conceptual model, include exercise, hypocaloric diet, and pharmacological intervention