Techno-economic analysis of pyrolytic plant for thermochemical conversion of residual municipal packaging waste after separation

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je tehno-ekonomska analiza potencijalnog pirolitičkog postrojenja koje bi se izgradilo u sklopu realnog poslovnog subjekta. Predmetno poduzeće bavi se gospodarenjem neopasnim otpadom. Uspješnost njihove obrade kreće se od 70% za plastiku pa do 90% i više za papir, karton, metalni otpad i biorazgradivi otpad. Nakon procesa recikliranja poslovnom subjektu godišnje ostane 985 tona ostatnog otpada, a udio ostatnog otpada pirolitički bi se obrađivao. Od ukupno 985 tona, plastika koja bi se obrađivala iznosi 401,8 tona. Obradivu plastiku čine PS, PP, HDPE, LDPE i ostalo (7). PVC i PET nije poželjno obrađivati zbog loših svojstava u smislu procesa pirolize te ih je potrebno zbrinuti s ostalim otpadnim tokovima. Projekcijom količine nastalog otpada sukladno zahtjevima EU može se uvidjeti da će doći do povećanja količina odvojenog otpada. Sukladno tim zahtjevima, kapacitet potencijalnog postrojenja povišen je na 1 071,6 tona. Ostali parametri, poput prinosa ulja, ulazne naknade i raznih troškova, određeni su pregledom literature. Svi dostupni parametri su zabilježeni i osrednjeni. Tako osrednjenim parametrima i navedenim kapacitetom provedena je ekonomska analiza i analiza osjetljivosti kojima je utvrđena neisplativost projekta. U ostatku rada navedeni su potrebni koraci za projektiranje ekonomski isplativih postrojenja, njihova usporedba te zaključak. Svi proračuni izvršeni su u programu Excel.Theme of this thesis is the techno-economic analysis of a potential pyrolysis plant which would be built by a waste management company. The company’s primary objective is waste recycling. Their rate of recycling ranges from 70% for plastics to 90% and more for paper, cardboard, metal and biodegradable waste. After waste goes through recycling process, the company is left with 985 tonnes of non-recyclable waste on a yearly basis. Percentage of said non-recyclable waste would be used in pyrolysis plant for production of pyrolysis oil. Out of 985 tonnes of non-recyclable waste, 401.8 tonnes would be used in pyrolysis process. Those 401.8 consist of PS, PP, HDPE, LDPE and other (7) types of plastic. PVC and PET should not be used in pyrolysis process due to their bad characteristics. Instead, they should be adequately disposed along with other waste outputs. In accordance to EU’s municipal solid waste recycling requirements, it was projected that the amount of recycled waste will be increased. Thus, the capacity of a potential pyrolysis plant was increased to 1 071.6 tonnes. Other parameters, like oil yield, gate fee and various expenses, were determined by studying the literature. Found parameters were marked down and averaged. With those parameters and said capacity, economic analysis was carried out. It was determined that the plant capacity does not suffice in order to make the project feasible. In the rest of the thesis, it was shown what needs to be changed in order to design a profitable plant with a conclusion. All calculations were done in programme Excel