Relationship between compassion fatigue and satisfaction, self-compassion, social support and negative emotionality among nurses

Istraživanja su pokazala da promatranje tuđe patnje i pomaganje može dovesti do zamora, ali i zadovoljstva suosjećanjem kod pomagača. Ti se osjećaji prema poslu zajedničkim imenom nazivaju profesionalnom kvalitetom života. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razinu zamora (sagorijevanja i sekundarnog traumatskog stresa) i zadovoljstva suosjećanjem kod medicinskih sestara, ispitati njihov odnos kako međusobno tako i sa socijalnom podrškom (privatnom i poslovnom), negativnom emocionalnošću i samosuosjećanjem. Promatrala se i prediktivna uloga navedenih varijabli, a iznad svega doprinos samosuosjećanja. U online anketi sudjelovalo je 250 medicinskih sestara. Za prikupljanje podataka korištena je Skala socijalne podrške u obitelji i na poslu (Šimunić, Gregov i Prorokov, 2016), upitnik ProQOL-5 (Stamm, 2010), Skala samosuosjećanja (Neff, 2003) i podljestvica emocionalne negativnosti iz upitnika ličnosti BFI-2 (Soto i John, 2017). Utvrđeno je da su sve tri domene profesionalne kvalitete života umjereno zastupljene. Provedbom triju hijerarhijskih regresijskih analiza zaključeno je da viša negativna emocionalnost i dob uspješno predviđaju višu razinu STS-a. Negativna emocionalnost, niža socijalna podrška, zadovoljstvo suosjećanjem i samosuosjećanje značajno pridonose višim razinama sagorijevanja. Niža socijalna podrška nadređenog i obitelji te samosuosjećanje uspješno predviđaju zadovoljstvo suosjećanjem, a samosuosjećanje pokazuje i medijacijski efekt na odnos negativne emocionalnosti i zadovoljstva suosjećanjem.There is a growing body of research suggesting that observing and helping those who suffer results in both compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. Together they form the construct called professional quality of life (ProQOL). The goal of this research is to determine the levels of compassion fatigue (burnout and secondary traumatic stress) and compassion satisfaction among nurses; to explore their relationship with social support, negative emotionality, and self-compassion. The role of each variable in predicting the outcomes of professional quality of life was also assessed. 250 registered nurses filled out the online version of the form. The form consisted of the following questionnaires: Scale of Social Support at Work and in the Family (Šimunić, Gregov and Prorokov, 2016), ProQOL-5 (Stamm, 2010), Self-compassion scale (Neff, 2003) and the subscale of Negative Emotionality from the BFI-2 Questionnaire (Soto and John, 2017). All three ProQOL domains were present in moderation. After running three hierarchical regression analyses, it was concluded that higher negative emotionality and age can successfully predict higher levels of STS. Negative emotionality, lower social support, lower selfcompassion, and lower compassion satisfaction were significantly related to higher levels of burnout. After testing for their predictive power, they proved to have a significant role in explaining burnout levels. Similarly, negative emotionality and lower social support from their superiors and family were also shown to be significant factors in predicting the levels of compassion satisfaction, while self-compassion proved to be a mediator of the relationship between negative emotionality and compassion satisfaction