Bioethical aspects of veganism

Čovjek je oduvijek koristio svoju nadmoć nad životinjama, moralno je pogrešno iskorištavati životinje kako bi ljudi zadovoljili vlastite interese. Razvojem suvremenih gradova dolazi do pitanja prava životinja. Industrijska revolucija omogućila je čovjeku strojeve i alate, što je životinje činilo manje ovisnima. Filozof Peter Singer u „Oslobođenje životinja“ govori da se jednako etičko pravo treba primjenjivati ne samo na ljudima već i na životinjama, te se protivi diskriminaciji prema vrstama. Prava životinja trebaju imati na temelj osjećaj i sposobnost životinje bez obzira na inteligenciju. Zaštita životinja provedena je kroz Zakon koji se temelji na europskim standardima zaštite i dobrobiti životinje. Nemoralno je dobrovoljno nanositi patnju i bol životinjama, te jedna od glavnih smjernica za usvajanje prava životinja jest upravo usvajanje vegetarijanske ili veganske prehrane. U današnje vrijeme sve je veći broj ljudi koji se odlučuje za vegetarijanstvo ili veganstvo. Cilj rada je definirati etički odnos prema neljudskim živim bićima te analizirati utjecaj veganske prehrane na zdravlje djece. Veganska prehrana razlikuje se od vegetarijanske osim isključivanja mesa iz prehrane, isključuju se sve namirnice životinjskog podrijetla. Ukoliko dijete bez obzira na dob ne konzumira dovoljno različitih namirnica tj. ograničava ih, postoje rizici od različitih mogućih deficita, te odabir veganskog ili vegetarijanskog načina prehrane trebao bi biti pod nadzorom stručnih i educiranih ljudi poput nutricionista.Man has always used his superiority over animals, it is morally wrong to exploit animals to satisfie human interests. Development of modern cities causes the question of animal rights. The Industrial Revolution provided man with machines and tools, which made animals less addictive. The philosopher Peter Singer in "Liberation of Animals" says that the same ethical law should be applied not only to the people but to animals too, and that he is against discrimination against species. Animals rights must have a fundamental sense and ability to live regardless of intelligence. The protection of animals has been implemented through a law based on European standards of protection and welfare of animal life. It is immoral to inflict suffer and pain on animals, and one of the main guidelines for adopting animal rights is precisely the adoption of a vegetarian or vegan diet. Nowadays, an increasing number of people are opting for vegetarianism or veganism. The aim of the paper is to define the ethical attitude towards non-human living beings and to analyze the impact of vegan diet on children's health. The vegan diet is different from the vegetarian diet except of the elimination of meat from the diet, it eliminates also all groceries of animal origin. If a child, regardless of age, does not consume enough different groceries, that is limits them, there are risks of various possible deficits, the choice of vegan or vegetarian diet should be under the supervision of professional and educated people such as nutritionists