NUTRITION SUPPORT AND SIGNIFICIANCE OF PHYSIOTHERAPIST IN OSTEOPOROSIS

Osteoporoza je metabolička bolest kostiju karakterizirana gubitkom koštane mase i povećanom lomljivosti kostiju. Glavni razlog za razvoj osteoporoze je poremećaj funkcije koštanih stanica zbog čega dolazi do promjene količine i kvalitete koštanog tkiva. Postoje brojni rizični čimbenici za nastanak osteoporoze, a neki od njih su hormonalni poremećaji, loše prehrambene navike,odnosno smanjen unos vitamina D i kalcija. Bolest najčešće zahvaća žene nakon menopauze i muškarce u starijoj životnoj dobi. Simptomi osteoporoze su najčešće atipični, poput bolova u leđima koji se pojačavaju prilikom pokretanja i opterećenja. Kada se jave simptomi važno je obaviti dijagnostički pregled te započeti liječenje. Liječenje se sastoji od medikamentozne terapije sa ciljem smanjenja rizika od prijeloma. Uz medikamentoznu terapiju važna je i prehrana bolesnika. Preporučuje se što veći unos kalcija, vitamina D te magnezija. Tjelovježba i povećanje tjelesne aktivnosti imaju važnu ulogu u prevenciji i liječenju osteoporze, stoga uloga fizioterapeuta ima veliku važnost u procesu prevencije i liječenja osteoporoze.Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by loss of bone mass and increased bone fragility. The main reason for the development of osteoporosis is a disorder of bone cell function, which leads to a change in the quantity and quality of bone tissue. There are a number of risk factors for osteoporosis, and some of them are hormonal disorders, poor eating habits, and reduced intake of vitamin D and calcium. The disease most commonly affects postmenopausal women and older men. The symptoms of osteoporosis are most often atypical, such as back pain that intensifies during movement and exercise. When symptoms occur, it is important to perform a diagnostic examination and begin treatment. Treatment consists of drug therapy aimed at reducing the risk of fractures. In addition to drug therapy, the patient's diet is also important. It is recommended to take in as much calcium, vitamin D and magnesium as possible. Exercise and increasing physical activity play an important role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, so the role of physiotherapists is of great importance in the process of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis