EPIDEMIOLOŠKE I KLINIČKE ZNAČAJKE KONTAKTNOG DERMATITISA : ISKUSTVO KLINIKE ZA KOŽNE I SPOLNE BOLESTI KLINIČKOG BOLNIČKOG CENTRA U SPLITU OD 2013. DO SRPNJA 2019.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical features of contact dermatitis. We used the experience of the dermatovenerological clinic of the Clinical Hospital Center Split, from 2013 to July 2019. It is of great significance and importance to collect and analyze Patch Test data over a period of time, in order to recognize epidemics and trends of contact dermatitis. If a specific trend or epidemic is recognized by the analysis, it is important to ask and search for possible causes. This in turn can lead to future disease prevention and health benefits for the whole population. There can be many reasons for a specific trend or epidemic in the population. It could be due to the water supply system, air pollution, specific cosmetics using unrecognized irritants and furthermore. Materials and methods: An epidemiological study was conducted with the data from patch test results of the allergological ambulance from 2013 till July 2019 at the department of Dermatology and Allergology, Clinical Hospital Centre Split. The data collection included 3228 patients in total, whereof 2279 patients were of female gender and 949 were of male gender. As explained above, we included twenty-three allergens in our study, based on the Patch Test model in the Dermatovenerological Department of the Clinical Hospital Centre Split. The results were interpreted from a weak positive reaction (+), strong positive reaction (++) up to an extreme positive reaction (+++/++++). We also included a time-lapse factor, including the reaction after 48 hours and the reaction after 72 hours. Results: There is a high incidence of Cobalt Chloride 1% associated contact dermatitis in our study population. Overall, the allergens revealed a higher incidence of reaction after 48 hours and declining incidence after 72 hours. Nickel Sulfate 5% exhibited a more severe reaction than other allergens. The frequency of combination between the allergens was especially high for Cobalt Chloride 1%, which occurred together with almost all allergens. Conclusion: We can observe a specific trend of contact dermatitis in our study population. There are differences in the results when comparing the female and male population. Furthermore, we studied that there is a difference in the reaction after 48 hours and 72 hours in our study population. There is a difference in the severity of reaction for each allergen. Many combinations are observed between the different allergens.Ciljevi: Cilj ovog rada je evaluirati epidemiološke i kliničke značajke kontaktnog dermatitisa. Korišteni su podaci iz kliničke prakse Klinike za kožne i spolne bolesti Kliničkog bolničkog centra u Splitu, od 2013 do srpnja 2019. Iznimno je važno skupljati i analizirati rezultate patch testova u određenom vremenskom intervalu kako bi se mogli pratiti epidemiološki trendovi. Ako se određeni trend ili epidemiološki čimbenik uoči tijekom analize, u tom slučaju važno je potražiti moguće uzroke. Pomoću ovih zaključaka mogla bi se poboljšati prevencija bolesti za dobrobit cjelokupne populacije. Materijali i metode: Studija je bazirana na rezultatima patch testiranja provođenih od 2013. do srpnja 2019. na Odjelu za alergologiju Kliničkog bolničkog centra u Splitu. Uključeno je 3228 bolesnika, od kojih je 2279 bilo ženskog spola, a 949 muškog. U studiji su proučavani rezultati za 23 alergena prisutna na standardnom setu koji se koristi na Klinici za dermatovenerologiju KBC-a Split. Rezultati su opisani kao slaba pozitivna reakcija (+), jaka pozitivna reakcija (++) i vrlo jaka pozitivna reakcija (+++/++++). Također je u obradu podataka uključen vremenski čimbenik te su obrađeni rezultati testiranja nakon 48 sati i 72 sata. Rezultati: Uočena je visoka incidencija kontaktnog dermatitisa povezanog s 1% kobalt kloridom unutar ispitivane populacije. Generalno se uočava veća incidencija reakcija nakon 48 sati, a manja incidencija reakcija nakon 72 sata. Niklov sulfat u koncentraciji od 5% izaziva jače reakcije od ostalih alergena. Uz reakciju na 1% kobalt klorid najčešće su prisutne kombinirane reakcije s gotovo svim ostalim alergenima. Zakljućci: Može se uočiti specifični trend kontaktnog dermatitisa unutar ispitivane populacije. Postoje razlike u rezultatima testa između ženske i muške populacije. Također je uočeno da postoji razlika u reakcijama nakon 48 i 72 sata. Postoji razlika u jačini reakcije kod svakog alergena. Unutar ispitivane populacije uočene su kombinirane reakcije preosjetljivosti na više različitih alergena