Chemical composition of bottled water

Voda je najrasprostranjenija tvar u prirodi i zauzima oko dvije trećine Zemljine površine. Glavna podjela vode je na površinske, podzemne i oborinske. Iz podzemnih voda crpe se flaširane vode koje uključuju stolnu, mineralnu i prirodnu izvorsku vodu. Pravilnikom o prirodnim mineralnim, prirodnim izvorskim i stolnim vodama regulira se tržište flaširanih voda. Direktivom o kvaliteti vode namijenjene za ljudsku potrošnju određeni su standardi kvalitete vodete tri kategorije parametara (mikrobiološki, kemijski i indikatorski) koji se moraju pratiti i ispitivati. Mikrobiološki parametri pokazuju stupanj onečišćenja vode mikroorganizmima, dok kemijski parametri pokazuju stupanj onečišćenja vode kemikalijama. Prirodna izvorska i prirodna mineralna voda imaju određeni kemijski sastav kod kojeg koncentracije pojedinih elemenata imaju propisanu maksimalno dopuštenu količinu. Ukoliko koncentracije pojedinih elemenata prelaze maksimalno dopuštenu količinu, mogu štetno djelovati na ljudski organizam. Sve kategorije flaširanih voda (stolna, izvorska i mineralna) mogu biti gazirane i negazirane, a to ovisi o sadržaju ugljikovog dioksida (CO2). Zbog crpljenja i flaširanja vode za piće te poboljšanja kvalitete pitke vode, potrebno je provesti analize koje će pokazati ispravnost vode za piće te da li se ona može konzumirati bez da štetno utječe na zdravlje.Water is the most abundant substance in nature and occupies about two-thirds of the Earth's surface. The main types of water include surface water, groundwater and precipitation. Bottled water is extracted from groundwater and it includes table, mineral and natural spring water. The Ordinance on Natural Mineral, Natural Spring and Table Water regulates the market of bottled water. The Directive on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption sets water quality standards and three categories of parameters (microbiological, chemical and indicator) that have to be monitored and tested. Microbiological parameters show the degree of water pollution caused by microorganisms, while chemical parameters show the degree of water pollution caused by chemicals. Natural spring and natural mineral water have a certain chemical composition in which the concentrations of individual elements have to satisfy prescribed maximum allowable concentrations. If the concentrations of individual elements exceed the maximum allowed amount, they can have a harmful effect on the human body. All categories of bottled water (table, spring and mineral) can be carbonated and non-carbonated, depending on acarbon dioxide (CO2) content. Due to the pumping and bottling of drinking water and improving the quality of drinking water, it is necessary to conduct analyses that will show the evaporation of drinking water and whether it can be consumed without adverse effects on health