Shortgrass range vegetation and steer growth response to intensive-early stocking

A 9-year grazing trial was conducted to compare shortgrass vegetation and steer responses under intensive-early stocking (IES) at 2 stocking rates to season-long stocking (SLS). The stocking rates were (1) equal to SLS, with twice as many steers used for the first half of the SLS grazing season (2X-IES), and (2) greater than SLS. with 3 times as many steers used for the same period (3X-IES). The hypothesis tested was that SLS and 2X-IES would be similar and sustainable in terms of productivity and vegetation composition, whereas 3X-IES would be different and not sustainable. The 3 treatments were assigned to 6 pastures in a randomized-complete block. Grazing was initiated on or near 1 May each year and continued until about 15 July for IES and about 1 October for SLS. Steers were weighted at initiation of grazing and in mid-July, and SLS steers were weighed in October. Vegetation data were collected in July and October in each pasture from 10 randomly located plots. Species composition of grasses was estimated, and grasses and forbs were clipped separately to determine biomass availability. Steer total gain and average daily gain (ADG) under SLS and 2X-IES were equal (P>0.10) during the early season, but 3X-IES gain and ADG were less (P0.10). Grass and total biomass availability were reduced (P