Beyond 2020 NextGen Compliance: Human Factors and Cognitive Loading Issues for Commercial and General Aviation Pilots

As previously identified by the authors, digitized flight decks have realigned SHELL model components and introduced cognitive overload con­cerns. Considering changes from implementing Next Generation air traffic management requirements in 2020, the authors assess digitized interfaces associated with cockpit displays of information integral to performance based navigation and similar operations. Focus is placed on Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast, digitized communications, and expanded electronic flight bags. The ADSB (In) cockpit display will enable pilots to have flight visual awareness on aircraft, terrain, weather and hazards to flight through live satellite updates every second. Increased optical demands and cognitive loading are anticipated for general aviation and commercial pilots, beyond operational levels for those currently using advanced technologies. With nearly continuous cognitive processing and embedded information in the enhanced SHELL model by the authors, potential overload and concerns of situational awareness become likely candidates for human factors problems. Addressing these concerns, areas of emphasis for transition to NextGen 2020 operations are delineated, potential risks among increased cognitive disparities identified, and suggested foci recommended