-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation Transactivates Protease-Activated Receptor 1 via Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 in Cardiac Cells

Chronic β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) overstimulation, a hallmark of heart failure, is associated with increased cardiac expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMP-1 has been shown to cleave and activate the protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) in non-cardiac cells. Here, we hypothesized that β-AR stimulation would result in MMP-dependent PAR1 transactivation in cardiac cells