Factors affecting the behavior of selected disperse dyes under high temperature dyeing conditions

The major purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in dyeing behavior of selected disperse dyes resulting from variations in the conditions under which the dyes were used. The variations introduced into the dyeing system were: variations in pH; variations in dyeing times at the top temperature; and variations in the surfactant used. The procedure used to make the dyeings was chosen because it would subject the dyes to severe conditions which would aid in differentiating among the various dyes and dyeing conditions by magnifying any potential instability of a given dyeing system. The procedure consisted of conducting dyeings of each of the fifteen dyes chosen for the study under four conditions. Each of these four conditions was further divided into dyeings held at varying times at the top temperature of 265° F (130° C). Filter tests were conducted on blank dyebaths which were held at the top temperature without fabric for three hours for examination of particle size change. Ratings of the depth of shade of the dyed swatches were done visually and by spectrophotometer. A change in the depth of shade was considered an indication of a change in the dyeing properties of the dye. Ratings of the filter tests were done visually only. Variations in ratings on these tests gave a good indication of the dyeing properties of the dye under the various conditions