Percussion instruments in graphic arts in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century western Europe

The purpose of this study was to present plates depicting percussion instruments from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in selected Western European sources. A secondary focus of the study was to present musical applications of and pertinent information relative to each percussion instrument. The important extant sixteenth- and seventeenth-century percussion instrument sources meeting the criteria for this study were collected and examined. These sources included: Musica getutscht (1511) by Sebastian Virdung, Musica instrumentalis deudsch (1528) by Martin Agricola, Orchesographie (1585) by Thoinot Arbeau [Jehan Tabourot], Syntagma musicum (1615^ by Michael Praetorius, Harmonie universelle (1636) by Marin Mersenne, Musurgia universalis (1650) by Athanasius Kircher, and Gamhinetto armonico (1716) by Filippo Bonanni