Distributed generation production of reactive energy and impact on voltage and losses in the power grid

Zadatak ovog završnog rada je proučiti distribuirane izvore i njihov utjecaj na elektroenergetsku mrežu te opisati i objasniti modeliranje distribuiranih izvora i mreže kroz programske pakete OpenDSS i Matlab. Nakon rješavanja navedenih zadataka potrebno je izvršiti simulacije na testnom primjeru distributivne mreže s 13 sabirnica koja je predefinirana u programskom paketu OpenDSS. Simulacije se sastoje od dvije kategorije: kategorija s distribuiranim izvorom konstantne vrijednosti kojemu se mijenja lokacija u mreži te kategorija s distribuirani izvorom kojemu je mijenjana vrijednost radne i jalove snage za jedinstvenu lokaciju u mreži. Kroz brojne simulacije gleda se utjecaj distribuiranih izvora raznih vrijednosti snage na naponski profil i radne gubitke u mreži i to za različite lokacije u mreži. Zaključeno je da distribuirani izvori manje snage imaju pozitivan utjecaj na naponski profil i radne gubitke u mreži, ali i da distribuirani izvori veće snage imaju negativan utjecaj na navedene parametre.The task of this final paper is to study distributed generation in general, summarize their effects on the power grid and to describe and explain the process of modelling distributed generation through OpenDSS and Matlab software packages. After completing the said tasks, it is necessary to carry out the planned simulations through the predefined 13-bus test example that can be found in the OpenDSS software package. The simulations are divided into two categories: category with constant power values of distributed generation tested with different locations in the power grid and the category with various power values of distributed generation on a fixed location in the power grid. The effects distributed generation on the voltage profile and total losses are observed through many simulations of various power values and locations in the power grid. It was concluded that distributed generation of lower values of power have a positive effect on the voltage profile and the total losses of the power grid. However, it was also concluded that distributed generation of higher values of power have a negative effect on the said parameters