Principles of Diagnosis and Initial Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Nikita Kononov Principles of diagnosis and initial treatment of sepsis and septic shock master’s thesis (medicine). Research goal: Analyze treatment guidelines for sepsis and septic shock and to determine the most effective methods of start sepsis and septic shock treatment. Research tasks: 1. Identify first-choice methods for treating sepsis and septic shock. 2. Evaluate the primary choice of scales for treating sepsis and septic shock. Research methodology: A systematic review of the literature has been carried out using the computerized database PubMed (MEDLINE), selecting publications containing the recommendations of actinic sepsis and sepsis shock as agreed by experts. The following keyword combinations in English have been selected for search: sepsis, sepsis, definition of sepsis, definition of sepsis, epidemiology of sepsis, bacteremia. Filters used: language “english” and publication date “5 years”. The PICOS data selection model recommended by the PRISMA guidelines includes inclusion and rejection criteria and a clinical question raised. Research results: Following a systematic search in the electronic database, for final evaluation, 57 publications from the search, 6 guidelines for the treatment of sepsis and septic shock were selected, which met all the inclusion criteria and responded to the raised clinical question. The review includes guidelines from the following countries: the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain, Switzerland, Canada, Italy, and the International World Health Organization, i. authors from different European countries. Comparison of treatment methods in the guidelines for the System Literature Review Year is based on author recommendations and indications for use. Conclusions: • The first choice treatment methods for sepsis and septic shock were identified - a quick assessment of the patient's condition using the qSOFA and SOFA scales, tallying collected scores, and basing the suspected diagnosis and initial treatment upon those scores. • After analyzing the articles and taking into account the data of the morbidity and mortality rate of Lithuania and the world a conclusion was reached: 1) The incidence rates are increasing every year, but their mortality rates are decreasing in the background. 2) Improvement of sepsis and septic shock guidelines takes into account mortality and morbidity rates. Key words: sepsis, septic shock, guidelines, systematic revie