This thesis deals with the study of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) and the direct conversion of CO2 and CH4 into value-added liquid products by a process coupling non-thermal plasma and heterogeneous catalysis. A coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-catalytic reactor was designed and tested in this thesis with its analysis and diagnostic devices. The reactor operates under ambient conditions, the catalyst and its support are under the form of granules packaged in the reactor. The support is in silica aerogel and was synthesized by surface treatment and ambient drying. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the experimental study of plasma-catalytic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In this chapter, the experiments were first conducted in plasma a...