3D Deployment Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks resolved by genetic and ant colony algorithms

International audienceWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an evolving field of research with various applications. Deploying sensors is a decisive operation that greatly influences the performance and the functioning of the network. Comparing the 2D deployment with the 3D one, the latter is more complex because of its ability to attend more constraints imposed by real problems. On this article, we discuss the 3D node positioning problem, while minimizing the global number of sensors, the consumption levels of energy, and maximizing the covered area and the hybrid localization rate based on the 3D DV-HOP protocol and the RSSI. We seek to solve our problem by choosing the ideal 3D locations to add nomad nodes to achieve the mentioned objectives. An approach based on variants of optimization algorithms based on the NSGA-II algorithm [1] and the ACO algorithm [2] is proposed. The simulation model considers the implementation of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and a reactive AODV based routing layer. The results of simulations with OMNeT++ indicate the sustainability of the tested algorithms (NSGA-II, ACO)