Bank loans and legal methods of protection

Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy zabezpieczeń działalności kredytowej banków. Łączy ona teorię i praktykę w celu maksymalnego przybliżenia instytucji kredytu i sposobów jej zabezpieczenia, wyjaśnieniem kluczowych pojęć oraz zapoznanie się z konsekwencjami niespłacenia kredytu dla kredytobiorcy i dla banku. Praca zawiera istotę i pojęcie kredytu, umowy kredytowej, podział na kredyty gotówkowe, bezgotówkowe, klasyfikację ze względu na ich przeznaczenie, okres kredytowania oraz ryzyko kredytowe, które jest nieodłącznym elementem działalności kredytowej banku. Opisane zostały sposoby udzielenia kredytu, prawne zasady ich udzielenia oraz podstawowe rodzaje kredytów: gotówkowe i ratalne. Rozdział trzeci mówi o sposobach ograniczania ryzyka jakie towarzyszy udzielanym kredytom w całości poświęcony jest zabezpieczeniom kredytowym. Przedstawione są również konsekwencję niespłacenia kredytu dla kredytobiorcy i dla banku. Opisana została również windykacja kredytów poprzez polubowne przejmowanie zabezpieczeń, bankowy tytuł egzekucyjny i klauzula wykonalności, egzekucja komornicza oraz restrukturyzacja kredytów.In my thesis I began researching the Bank loans and legal forms of their security.About bank loan can apply to natural persons, legal persons and entities not having legal personality. Each commercial bank has a very wide range of credit products for individuals. Credit is the primary source of income, and individuals are a very large group of clients-borrowers.The purpose of this study was to analyse the security of credit activity of banks. It combines theory and practice in order to bring the maximum credit institutions and how its security, an explanation of key concepts and review with the consequences of defaults on the loan to the borrower and the Bank.In his work wyczerpałam not all subjects related to the investigation of bank loans and legal forms of their security. Are described by me only those issues that I think deserve special attention.The work consists of four chapters. The first chapter contains, in particular, the nature and the concept of the loan, the loan agreement, the loans in cash, non-cash, the classification by reason of their end-use, loan term and credit risk, which is inherent in credit activity of the Bank. Then proceed to a detailed discussion of issues related to the assessment of creditworthiness in the process of granting a bank loan, among which are, inter alia: the definition of creditworthiness, the security of the credit granted, legal nature of the credit and loss of the borrower's creditworthiness.The second chapter describes the rise in lending to the public. As the name suggests, are intended for borrowers, which are consumers, or individuals. Are described ways to give credit, legal rules of the award and the basic types of consumer credits, where by far the most important significance are the two types of loans: cash and annuities. These include, for example, student loan, consumer credit for the purchase of durables and services on hire purchase, car loan and investment loan associated with the implementation of the housing plans.The third chapter tells how the risk reduction which accompanies the credits granted and in its entirety is dedicated to credit security. They are here divided into two main groups. on the security, property, and personal. This chapter presented were also deals the Bank PKO BP, BPH SA and Credit Agricole.Chapter four presents a consequence of defaults on the loan to the borrower and for the Bank. This was also vindication by seizing Bank loans a friendly security enforcement and feasibility, execution of bailiffs and the restructuring of the loans.In the thesis I've used books popular-scientific information from the case law of the Court of Justice and the judgments of the Supreme courts and the Polish legal acts. Were also an important source of Web sites.I set in such way data in tables and charts for a better indication of the analysed phenomena