The Scheldt is an estuary on way of recovery. The study concerns the ecology of the zooplankton community in the freshwater reach of the estuary. In parallel to water quality improvement, the copepod Eurytemora affinis has become dominant since 2007 and abundance of cyclopoid copepods has decreased. We tried to find out which environmental factors had caused these changes in the zooplankton community composition. The results of RDA and GLM analysis between the abundance of zooplankton taxa and the environmental factors showed a strong link between E. affinis abundance and the increasing O2 concentration, but also the decreasing NH4-N concentration. The upstream Scheldt became permissive for E. affinis development as soon as oxygen concentra...