Implementing networks of ecological continuities requires estimation of functional connectivity in landscapes. Particularly when those landscapes are fragmented by Large-scale Transportation Infrastructures (LTIs). In this context, four terrestrial species were monitored using genetic and demographic surveys across six LTIs in south-western France. The results showed that a significant amount of genetic variability was explained by LTIs (38%), that are mostly acting as dispersal barriers. However, LTI effects are variable depending on the species under study and, in some cases, they can even act as infrastructures enhancing dispersal. Furthermore, the combined use of genetic tools and demographic surveys showed that depending on the selecte...