International audienceGeneral assessments of Russia's economic transition policy, shock therapy, are divergent. For Stanley Fisher, the results are politically interesting: Russia has become a democracy and a market economy that will move towards sustained growth, thanks in particular to the development of the private sector. On the other hand, Josef Stiglitz, Marshall Goldman, Serguey Menshikov, or Ivan Samson are more critical, raising the main difficulties of the Russian economy, with oligarchy, criminalisation of banks, income inequalities, predation.Les évaluations générales de la politique de la transition économique de la Russie, la thérapie de choc, sont divergentes. Pour Stanley Fisher, les résultats sont politiquement intéressants...