Energy efficiency comparison of apartments building over different time periods

Višja energetska učinkovitost prispeva k zmanjšanju emisij toplogrednih plinov, izboljšanju kakovosti zraka in k boljšim gospodarskim rezultatom. Stavbe naj bi doprinesle kar 40 % porabo energije in 36 % emisij CO2, zato je ključna energetska učinkovitost objektov oz. stavb. Država spodbuja k ozaveščanju, informiranju in izobraževanju o energetski učinkovitosti s pomočjo različnih prospektov in subvencij. V okviru diplomske naloge smo analizirali energetsko učinkovitost večstanovanjskih objektov zgrajenih v različnih časovnih obdobjih. S pomočjo preračunov energetskih izkaznic smo preučevali porabljeno energijo večstanovanjskih objektov. Na to smo grafično v Excelu primerjali dejanske meritve z dovoljenimi oz. zahtevanimi in ugotovili, da vrednosti med izmerjenimi in zahtevanimi v večini primerov odstopajo. Največja odstopanja so bila pri najstarejšem preučevanem objektu, ki je najbolj obremenilen za okolje. S pomočjo termografije smo na primeru Primius naselja ugotavljali energetske pomanjkljivosti. Zunanje motnje (npr. Sonce) imajo velik vpliv na same meritve, posledično lahko dobimo neverodostojni termogram. Rezultati kažejo, da največ toplote uhaja skozi okna. V diplomskem delu smo prišli do sklepa, da na energetsko učinkovitost stavbe vpliva starost, orientiranost stavbe, etaža v kateri se nahaja stanovanje in število oken. Starejša kot je gradnja večstanovanjskih objektov, več je energetskih pomanjkljivosti in s tem višja poraba energentov. Največ prihrankov končne energije lahko dosežemo s toplotno izolacijo fasade in z zamenjavo stavbnega pohištva.Higher energy efficiency contributes to reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved air quality and improved economic performance. Buildings are presumed to be responsible for as much as 40% of energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions, so energy efficiency of structures or buildings is crucial. The state encourages awareness, information and education on energy efficiency through various schemes and subsidies. As part of the diploma thesis, we analyzed the energy efficiency of multi-apartment buildings built in different time periods. With the help of calculated energy certificates, we studied the energy consumption of multi-apartment buildings. Afterwards we graphically compared the actual measurements in Excel using the required data, and determined that the values between the measured and required deviate in most cases. The largest deviations were in the oldest studied facility, which is the most burdensome for the environment. With the help of thermography, we identified energy deficiencies in the case of the Primius settlement. External disturbances (e.g. the Sun) have a considerable influence on the measurements themselves, thus resulting in an unreliable thermogram. The results show that most of the heat escapes through the windows. In our diploma we came to the conclusion that the energy efficiency of the building is influenced by age, orientation of the building, the floor in which the apartment is located and the number of windows. The older the construction of the multi-apartment building, the more energy deficiencies occur, thus resulting in more energy consumption. The greatest energy savings can be achieved by thermal insulation of the facade and by replacing the joinery