Dendrokronološke raziskave na Založnici - najmlajši znani bakrenodobni koliščarski naselbini na Ljubljanskem barju

Predstavljamo rezultate raziskav lesa in drugih arheoloških najdb z zaščitnih izkopavanj v jarkih na ostankih bakrenodobne-eneolitske koliščarske naselbine Založnica pri Kamniku pod Krimom na Ljubljanskem barju. Od 1315 vzorcev lesa smo jih dendrokronološko raziskali 35%. Sestavili smo dve jesenovi (Fraxinus sp.) in eno hrastovo (Quercus sp.) kronologijo širin branik. Rekonstruirali smo gradbene aktivnosti na naselbini, ki so trajale 90 let. Ugotovili smo, da so se časovno prepletale z aktivnostmi na 10 km oddaljeni naselbini Parte, ki je obstajala istočasno. Na osnovi radiokarbonskih datacij konec gradbenih aktivnosti na Založnici datiramo v 25. stoletje pr. Kr. Naselbina v zadnjih 40 letih obstoja tvori najmlajšo znano eneolitsko koliščarsko naselbino na Ljubljanskem barju in v Sloveniji. Na podlagi datiranega lesa in primerjave drugih arheoloških najdb utemeljujemo uvrstitev naselbine v kulturo Somogyvár-Vinkovci, kar je novost pri interpretaciji poselitvenih sprememb pred nastopom bronaste dobe na območju Ljubljanskega barja, Slovenije in sosednjih dežel.Investigations in wood and archaeological artefacts collected during rescue excavations in the drainage ditches on the location of copper-age, i. e. Eneolithic pile dwelling Založnica at Ljubljansko barje (Ljubljana Moors, Slovenia) are presented. 35% of 1315 samples were dendrochronologically investigated. We constructed three tree-ring chronologies, two of ash-wood (Fraxinus sp.) and one of oak (Quercus sp.), and reconstructed the building activities that occurred in the period of 90 years. We found out that the activities in Založnica coincided with those in another pile dwelling Parte, which existed in the same period and was located 10 km away from Založnica. Based on radiocarbon dating, the activities in Založnica ended in the 25th century BC. The last 40 years of the settlement delineate the youngest Copper Age settlement at Ljubljansko barje and in Slovenia. We describe how the dated wood and its relation to other archaeological artefacts helped us to place Zloznica in the Somogyvár-Vinkovci culture. This cultural classification constitutes a new interpretation of settlement activities before the Bronze Age began at Ljubljansko barje, in Slovenia in general, and in the neighbouring countries