Spletna orodja za upravljanje s smrekovimi podlubniki : Web tools for management of Spruce Bark Beetles

V prispevku predstavljamo spletna orodja, s katerimi si lahko pomagamo pri upravljanju s smrekovimi podlubniki. Na voljo je več spletnih orodij, ki pomagajo pri načrtovanju spremljanja kontrolnih pasti in kontrolnih nastav, ki jih uporabljamo za ugotavljanje gostote populacij smrekovih podlubnikov. Na podlagi teh podatkov vsako leto ugotavljamo lokacije pasti, kjer so se podlubniki prenamnožili. Posledično moramo na takšnih lokacijah povečati obseg ukrepov in pospešiti izvajanje varstva gozdov pred podlubniki zaradi preprečevanja škode v gozdovih. Rezultate teh analiz objavljamo v spletni reviji Napovedi o zdravju gozdov. V okviru Javne gozdarske službe na Gozdarskem inštitutu Slovenije, tj. Poročevalsko prognostično-diagnostične službe za gozdove, vsako leto izdelamo kratkoročno napoved sanitarnega poseka smreke. Napoved je verjetnostna in pomaga pri bolj osredotočenem iskanju žarišč smrekovih lubadarknajprej iščemo žarišča na lokacijah, kjer je največja verjetnost pojava žarišč. Tako se poveča verjetnost, da žarišča najdemo še v zgodnji fazi napada, kar omogoči več časa za ukrepanje. Ko enkrat najdemo žarišče, nas zanima, koliko časa imamo za sanacijo. Za ta namen smo razvili spletno orodje, ki izračuna priporočeni rok za izvedbo ukrepov za zatiranje smrekovih podlubnikov. S tem orodjem si lahko postavimo prioritete za sanacijo žarišč lubadark, tj. najprej saniramo žarišča, katerim bo rok za izvedbo ukrepov potekel najprej. Izdelali smo tudi dolgoročno napoved sanitarne sečnje zaradi žuželk, ki je lahko v pomoč pri določitvi smernic za dolgoročno gospodarjenje s smreko in pri usmerjanju ciljne drevesne sestave v gozdnogospodarskih načrtih. Vsa navedena spletna orodja je razvil Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije in so javno dostopna na spletnem portalu Varstvo gozdov (www.zdravgozd.si).In this article, we present online tools that can help in the management of spruce bark beetles. There are several online tools available to help us plan the monitoring of pheromone traps and trap trees that we use to determine the density of spruce bark beetle populations. Based on that data, we determine the locations of traps where a high density of spruce bark beetles was detected and where the attack on Norway spruce is very likely to occur. The results of these analyses are published in the online journal Forecasts about Forest Health. Within the Public Forestry Service at the Slovenian Forestry Institute, i.e. Reporting, prognostic-diagnostic service for forests, we make a short-term forecast of sanitary felling of spruce every year. The prediction is probabilistic and helps us in a more focused search for outbreaks of spruce bark beetles, i.e. we first look for attacked trees in the locations that have the highest probability for occurring outbreak. This increases the likelihood that outbreaks are found at an early stage of the attack, allowing us more time to act. Once we locate the outbreak, we wonder how much time is available to take sanitary measures. For this purpose, we have developed an online tool that calculates the recommended deadline for the implementation of measures to control spruce bark beetle outbreaks. With this tool we can set priorities for the sanitation of attacked spruce trees, i.e. higher priority has a location for which the deadline for the implementation of measures will expire first. We have also made a long-term forecast of sanitary felling due to insects, which can help us in setting guidelines for long-term management of spruce and in directing the target tree composition in forest management plans. All these online tools were developed by the Slovenian Forestry Institute and are publicly available on the web portal Varstvo gozdov (www.zdravgozd.si)