Design of Image Capture Embedded Device Considering Wild Farm Environment

稻熱病為台灣主要常見之農作物災害，多年來造成大量農損。目前稻熱病成因之環境氣候因子尚未有一定論。其主要原因為缺乏長期且大量的實際田間水稻生長、氣候因子與稻熱病間之關聯資料。在本研究中我們設計研發一個可以拍照、儲存照片、收集水稻生長過程氣候變化的資料收集設備，希望在最少人力與花費成本的情況下，長期地觀察水稻作物，希望可以藉由此裝置來收集數據做進一步的資料分析，以其找到稻熱病發病之主要環境因子。本研究主要考量野放農園環境下之使用情境進行裝置開發，亦即考量無電力供應、無網際網路連線與低建置成本之情境下，長期佈建我們所開發之資料收集裝置進行設計。論文中我們針對現有市售商業低成本之嵌入式裝置開發版進行分析，並透過太陽能電路板與充電電池供應之設計進行研究，針對上述情境所需之軟硬體設備進行最佳選擇進行報告。本論文所設計的裝置可於農田間持續進行資料擷取並可於無日照環境下持續運作20日，符合台灣水稻之耕作週期與天候況狀，為目前稻熱病研究提供一實際田間資料蒐集工具。Rice fever is one of the most common crop disasters in Taiwan and has caused a great deal of agricultural loss over the years. At present, the causes of rice fever environmental climatic factors have not yet been certain. The main reason is the lack of long-term and large amounts of actual field rice growth, climatic factors and rice fever between the related information. In this study, we designed and developed a data collection device that can take photos, store photos, and collect climate change during rice growth. We hope to observe the rice crops for a long time with minimal labor and cost, and hopefully they can be collected by this device data for further data analysis, with which to find the main environmental factors in the incidence of rice fever. In this study, we mainly consider device development in the context of using wild farm environment. In other words, considering the situation of no electricity supply, no internet connection and low construction cost, we will construct long-term data collection devices developed by us . In this paper, we analyze the development of existing commercially available low-cost embedded devices and research the design of solar panels and rechargeable batteries. We report on the best choices of hardware and software for these scenarios. The device designed in this paper can be continuously captured in the field and can continue to operate 20 days in the sunshine-free environment, in line with tillage and weather conditions in Taiwan rice, providing an actual field data collection tool for rice fever research .摘要 ⅰ Abstract ⅱ Contents ⅲ List of Tables ⅴ List of Figures ⅵ 第1章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 4 1.3 主要貢獻 5 1.4 論文架構 5 第2章 文獻探討 6 2.1 無線感測網路與遠端存取系統 6 2.2 無線網路監測系統 7 2.3 田間伺服器環境監測系統 8 2.4 小結 9 第3章 研究方法 10 3.1 測量裝置耗電量 10 3.2 測量Raspberry Pi 11 3.3 測量Arduino 13 3.4 測量Realtek Ameba 14 3.5 測量Realtek Ameba DeepSleep 模式 16 3.6 讓Realtek Ameba 更為省電 17 第4章 實驗 20 4.1 實際測試太陽能板充電量 20 4.2 Ameba connection 視訊鏡頭與SD Card 模組 24 4.3 電池選擇 29 4.4 太陽能控制器 31 4.5 整合所有的裝置 32 第5章 結論 40 5.1 實驗結果 40 5.2 未來展望 40 參考文獻 4