The Effect of Bottom Water Seal Friction on Engineering Behavior of Stainless Steel Hydraulic Gate

水工閘門是水利工程重要設施，水封更是閘門止水結構不可缺少的裝置，水封一旦安裝不當或損壞，將造成封水不佳導致水封漏水，而底水封之負荷抵抗對水工閘門力學行為之影響是值得探討之課題。 本研究探討2m*2m水工閘門於承受3m水頭，在四種底水封不同止密效應情況下，利用傳統計算方法與PLAXIS 3D Foundation有限元素程式探討相關力學行為，經由研究結果得知，(1)底水封無摩擦效應下，以PLAXIS 3D Foundation有限元素程式分析所得之結果，除底橫梁最大撓度比約高3%有些微差異及最大面板應力發生位置不同外，其餘與傳統計算方法之計算結果比較，相當接近。(2)底水封摩擦係數為0.26或0.51情況下，利用PLAXIS 3D Foundation有限元素程式分析結果，於強度及變形方面，均能滿足設計要求。(3)隨著底水封摩擦效應之增加，中橫梁最大彎曲應力有增大情形，而底橫梁最大彎曲應力則有減少趨勢，而面板最大應力則有增加情形，且發生於第三區間，為正彎曲應力型態。Hydraulic gate is an important facility for water conservancy projects and water seal is an indispensable device for hydraulic seal structure. Once the water seal is improperly installed or damaged, it will cause no good seal and lead to leakage. The influence of the water seal resistance on the mechanical behavior of hydraulic gate is worthwhile to further study. In this study, the 2m*2m hydraulic gate to withstand 3m water head is used with four types of water seal resistance for researching the relevant mechanical behavior through the traditional calculation method and PLAXIS 3d Foundation program. From the analyzed results, it is indicated that (1). Under no frictional resistance of bottom seal, the computed results by PLAXIS 3d Foundation program are very close to those from traditional calculation method except that the maximum deflection ratio in the bottom transverse beam is slightly higher in about 3% and the location of maximum bending stress occurs in different place. (2). The strength and deflection for hydraulic gate can meet the design requirement with frictional coefficient of bottom seal 0.26 or 0.51 through the analysis of PLAXIS 3d Foundation program. (3). With the increase of frictional resistance of bottom water seal, the maximum bending stress of middle transverse beam is increased, while the bottom transverse beam is the reverse. As for the maximum bending in the plate, it is increased and occurs in the third division and in positive moment state.目錄 中文摘要........................................iけ ABSTRACT.......................................iiげ 目錄...........................................iiiこ 表目錄.........................................さv 圖目錄.........................................しvii 符號說明....................................... xず 第一章 緒論.....................................1 1.1 前言.........................................1 1.2 研究動機與目的................................1 1.3 研究方法..................................... 2 1.4 研究內容......................................4 第二章 文獻回顧..................................5 2.1 前言.........................................5 2.2閘門種類及材料.................................6 2.3閘門結構分析模式之探討..........................8 2.4水封作用及材料材質分類.........................13 2.5水封之工程問題與原因.......................... 14 2.6水封漏水原因分析..............................15 2.7水封止水時的受力分析.......................... 16 2.8底水封更換施工流程.......................... 18 第三章 研究分析方法.......................... 27 3.1前言...................................... 27 3.2 PLAXIS 3D Foundation有限元素分析程式...... 28 第四章 研究範例分析............................ 31 4.1 研究範例傳統計算法分析.........................34 4.2 PLAXIS 3D Foundation有限元素程式分析...........35 4.2.1研究範例一..................................35 4.2.2研究範例二..................................42 4.2.3研究範例三..................................47 4.2.4研究範例四..................................51 4.2.5有限元素方法分析結果評論.....................55 4.3綜合結果評估..................................56 第五章 結論與建議.............................. 58 5.1 結論.................................. 58 5.2 建議事項.................................. 59 參考文獻.................................. 6