Never Give Up-Research An Excellent Swimmer Life Story

本研究是以一位優秀游泳選手生命故事的個案研究。旨在探討研究參與者偏差行為及社會化過程，並瞭解研究參與者在面臨生命中高低起伏時，是如何調適自我及因應。本研究採用質性研究之敘說分析為主要研究策略，呈現研究參與者生命之關鍵事件及生命歷程兩大部份。從研究討論的結果中得到以下結論與建議： 在結論部分 偏差行為之關鍵事件有(1)重要他人對研究參與者從小的態度及行，為影響甚深；(2)教練應教導運動選手瞭解自我能力，避免陷入正向的運動偏差行為；(3)重要他人及體育相關組織，應在研究參與者負向運動偏差行為出現時，即時告知並制止。運動社會化之生命歷程有(1)重要他人對於研究參與者的社會化過程及價值觀都影響甚深；(2)正負面運動社會化媒介對於研究參與者運動社會化過程有直接影響，應瞭解研究參與者的困境及想法，避免累積而出現偏差行為及態度；(3)社會的主流思維中，皆對研究參與者參與運動或退出運動的關鍵性因素；(4)研究參與者和大多數的運動選手一樣在社會化的過程中都會有面臨角色轉換之衝突，而重要他人能適時引導並鼓勵突破自我設限，使研究參與者生命轉換得以更加 順利。 在建議方面，學術上之建議有(1)在偏差行為之概念中，未來可在運動偏差行為之概念多加著墨，使在探討運動選手偏差行為時，得以歸納相關起因同時說明預防偏差行為之方法；(2)在運動社會化之概念中，可參考本研究對於運動價值體系形成過程之新詮釋；(3)本研究之研究參與者因社會化過程還不斷持續在進行，可延續本研究更加深入進行探討；(4)優秀運動選手之生命故事可讓現役運動選手做為參考，因此可針對不同項目之優秀運動選手做生命歷程之探究。而在實務上之建議有(1)給予運動選手之建議為，除自身在運動項目專注訓練以及追求運動卓越表現之外，在學科方面亦要注重及加強，以利未來進入職場上之競爭力；(2)在運動選手之重要他人方面，能夠鼓勵運動選手發揮出運動員不服輸且肯吃苦的人格特質，跨出運動領域，突破自我設限，學習新的事物，進而發展出不一樣的成功人生；(3)希望相關單位長期追蹤運動選手生涯規劃之動向，建立良好的國家制度；而在退役運動選手方面，積極培育成為優秀運動教練人才，使其能夠在專業領域中發揮長才，同時讓我國能夠國際競技運動舞臺上展現應有的實力，創造出運動佳績，提高我國在國際體壇中之能見度。This research is based on the life story of a professional swimmer. Main purpose of this study is to understand the process of the deviation behavior and sports socialization of the research participant; and to look at the research participant how to adjust and to deal with himself when he faced with happiness and depression. The narrative strategy of qualitative research was utilized as the main research method to this study. There are two main parts of conclusion: Key incidents of Deviation behavior comprise as the following points. (1) Significant others have a great influence on the research participant's attitude and behavior when he was young. (2) The coach should lead the athletes to realize their own ability to avoid falling into the positive layer of deviation behavior of sport. (3) Significant others and the organizations of Physical Education should inform and to stop when the research participant's negative deviation behavior of the sport appeared. The socialization of life course are as follows: (1) Significant others have a great influence on the process of sports socialization to the research participant. (2) The media has a direct influence on the positive and negative socialization of the participant. It is suggested that should realize the participant's plight and thought, in order to avoid deviation behavior and attitude. (3) The mainstream voice of society was the key factor to influence the participant's participation or withdrawal from his sport. (4) The participant same as the other players faced with the conflict of the transformation of characters during the process of socialization occurred. Significant others has played an important part to help the participant in his life transformation process. The academic suggestions are: (1) It is to suggest that the concept of Deviation Behavior in the future study has played a significant part to conclude relative causes and at the same time to illustrate the methods to prevent the Deviation Behavior. (2) This study has provide a new viewpoint on the forming procession of exercise value system. (3) The participant's socialization process is still continue process, it is hoped that his story could carry on to explore in the future study. (4) The story of professional athletes can be referred by active athletes, therefore we can focus on professional athletes in different items to do depth interview. The practical advices is conclude: (1) The advice to athletes is that besides focusing on their training of exercise items belonged to them and pursue the excellent grades on exercise, they should also strengthen and emphasize on their subjects, in order to make sure their competitiveness after entering to workplace. (2) On aspect of Significant others of athletes, encourages athletes to exhibit the aggressive characteristics, such as step out sports fields, break through the limit created by himself/herself, learning new knowledge, to develop different and successful life. (3) It is to hope that authorities concerned can keep tracking on the career planning of athletes in the long term, and to establish well state system. To retired athletes, government should train them to be a professional coach actively, let them do their best in the field they are good at. Meanwhile, we can show our real power, create excellent grades, and promote our international status in sports field.誌謝辭 ...................i 摘要 ...................ii Abstract ...................iii 目次 ...................v 圖表目次 ...................vii 第壹章 緒論 ...................1 第一節 研究動機與背景...................1 第二節 研究目的...................4 第三節 章節架構...................5 第貳章 文獻探討...................6 第一節 偏差行為之概念...................6 第二節 社會化之概念...................12 第三節 相關文獻探 討...................18 第參章 研究方法...................25 第一節 性質研究...................25 第二節 研究對象...................29 第三節 研究架構與流程...................32 第四節 資料蒐集與分析...................35 第五節 研究信實度...................37 第六節 研究倫理...................38 第肆章 研究參與者生命之關鍵事件...................41 第伍章 研究參與者之生命歷程...................54 第一節 研究參與者自然條件與生活背景...................54 第二節 研究參與者運動特殊價值...................63 第三節 研究參與者運動主流思維與運動風氣...................68 第四節 研究參與者蛻變後的人生觀...................72 第陸章 結論與建 議 ...................76 第一節 結論...................76 第二節 建議...................77 參考書目 ...................80 中文部分 ...................80 西文部分...................86 附錄 ...................88 附錄一 邀請函...................88 附錄二 研究參與者知情同意書...................89 附錄三 教育訓練研習證明...................92 附錄四 訪談大綱...................93 附錄五 訪談逐字稿 （一 ）...................96 附錄六 訪談逐字稿 （二 ） ...................97 附錄七 訪談逐字稿 （三 ）...................98 附錄八 訪談檢核表 ...................9