Exploring the impact of using QR code to improve the operation process --an example of a steel material company

J公司專精於鋼鐵材料領域，主要從事鋼鐵買賣之營運項目，公司面臨競爭日趨激烈之環境，藉由建立ERP系統並結合QR code的導入，使得實際料號和帳面料號可以精準對上，解決過去人工抄寫可能導致的出錯情況，確保公司資料庫的正確性，接著進一步了解J公司實際的營運問題，「存貨」對於企業而言是很重要而不可忽視的議題─解決龐大存貨壓力。 本研究透過探討J公司存貨管理之作法，降低庫存之累積，並改善決策模式，幫助進行採購時點之決策分析，以提高公司營運效率與獲利，藉此達到在維持最低安全庫存水平的同時，又能確保最低缺貨率的產生，因為有效的存貨控制是保證企業交貨能力的基礎，同時盡可能地提高管理效率，降低成本又能滿足所有客戶之需求，找出適當的解決方案。 由本研究模擬的結果，可歸納出幾點：（一）運用QR Code簡化作業流程，大幅降低人力及人為疏忽的錯誤發生機率；（二）透過調整公司之再訂購決策，大幅降低存貨水準；（三）對公司整體投資報酬率ROIC有顯著的提升。Company J specializes in the field of steel materials, and mainly engages in steel trading and operating projects. Since the company is facing an increasingly competitive environment, they need to improve their operations. First they implemented the ERP system combined with QR code to have the accurate inventory level. With the reduction of manual transcription mistakes by implementing the QR code system, Company J can ensure the correctness of the company database. After that this company begins to focus on solving the 'Inventory' problem . Through this study, the inventory management practice of Company J is investigated to reduce the accumulated inventory level. Since the inventory level is related to delivery time, the responsiveness to improve the operation inefficiency, and the capital cost, we hope to find an appropriate inventory policy that not only can satisfy the demand without shortage but also maintain an inventory level as low as possible. With the comparison of the data before and after the QR system implementation, and the simulation of the historical inventory data, two conclusions are reached. (a) the implementation of the QR Code system can not only simplify the operating processes, but also dramatically reduce the human negligent errors; (b)finding an appropriate re-ordering point can significantly reduce the inventory levels, and improve the overall return on invested capital.目錄 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 特殊鋼產業概論 5 第二節 產品條碼之應用與原理 7 第三節 存貨管理 10 第三章 研究方法 14 第一節 J公司之營運概況 15 第二節 樣本選取與資料蒐集 18 第三節 資料分析方法 18 第四節 敏感度分析 20 第四章 研究結果 22 第一節 J公司導入QR code系統之影響 22 第二節 J公司鋼材之銷售量與期末存貨狀況 23 第三節 存貨模擬 24 第五章 結論與建議 37 參考文獻 40 附錄一 4