Study on Indoor Positioning With Bluetooth Low Energy

With the rapidly development of wireless communication, the method of outdoor and indoor positioning are always popular research issues. Outdoor positioning is based on Global Positioning System. However, it will cause high distance error rate when using them for indoor positioning. Therefore, the other researches propose another communication technology as indoor positioning method. In this paper we propose an indoor location system use Bluetooth Low Energy. Its advantages such as low cost and low power are appropriate to be used as beacon stations for indoor positioning Firstly, the proposed system measures distance between stations and object by Received Signal Strength Indication which is provided by Bluetooth Low Energy, and then a one-dimensional spatial filter is designed to obtain more accurate RSSI for improving the distance transformation. Subsequently, Use indoor positioning algorithms to calculate the object coordinates.全球衛星定位系統(Global Positioning System,GPS)已發展多年且應用非常廣泛。 雖然全球衛星定位系統(GPS)可以提供方便且即時的定位資訊，但是全球衛星定位系統(GPS)在室內環境中會受到遮蔽物的影響，以致無法接收到有效的衛星訊號進而影響 定 位 的 精 度 。 本 研 究 主 要 目 的 利 用 低 耗 電 藍 牙 無 線 通 訊 技 術 (Bluetooth Low Energy,BLE)為主要架構，接收預先佈置好的低耗電藍牙發射器訊號強度(Receive Signal Strength Indication,RSSI)，使用濾波器及訊號衰減模型計算出相對應距離後， 搭配三角定位法及訊號紋法等定位演算法預估物件或裝置之位置，以達到有效室內定位的目標。 另位，在研究中我們設計了一款 FakeGPS APP 程式，可以將定位坐標資訊提供給其他於室內需要 GPS 坐標定位的 APP 程式使用，以解決很多 APP 軟體無法利用GPS 進行室內定位的問題。謝誌.............................................................................................. I 摘要.............................................................................................. II Abstract .............................................................................................. III 目錄.......................................................................................... IV 圖目錄......................................................................................... VI 表目錄............................................................................................. X 第一章 緒論...................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景與動機............................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的.......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 論文架構.......................................................................................................... 3 第二章 定位技術概述.......................................................................................................... 4 2.1 定位方法.......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 定位感測技術.................................................................................................. 9 第三章 理論基礎................................................................................................................ 13 3.1 藍牙(Bluetooth) ............................................................................................ 13 3.2 多重路徑效應(Multipath Effect) .................................................................. 16 3.3 濾波器(Filter) ................................................................................................ 19 3.4 定位演算法(Algorithms) ............................................................................... 21 第四章 系統設計............................................................................................ 29 4.1 實驗設備.......................................................................................... 29 4.2 軟體工具........................................................................................... 32 4.3 實驗測試場地............................................................................................... 34 4.4 系統架構圖................................................................................................... 36 4.5 系統流程圖................................................................................................... 37 第五章 實驗測試與相關應用............................................................................................ 41 5.1 實驗測試........................................................................................ 41 5.2 相關應用.......................................................................................... 62 第六章 結論與未來發展.................................................................................................... 72 6.1 結論........................................................................................ 72 6.2 未來發展................................................................................... 72 參考文獻.................................................................................... 7