Green technologies for the production of modified lipids

In recent years, the use of green solvents in enzyme catalysis of lipophilic compounds is achieving increasing interest from different perspectives. Conducting reactions under supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, and other green solvents affords opportunities to overcome problems associated with the lack of solubility of lipids in conventional solvents and the poor miscibility of substrates. Research on the biocatalytic production of modified lipids in the framework of green chemistry is conducted to improve the efficiency of obtaining the desired products as well as the selectivity, stability, and activity of the enzymatic systems. This overview describes the fundamentals and characteristics of several types of green solvents, the main variables involved in enzymatic processes, and examples and applications in the field of lipid modification.The authors would like to acknowledge support from Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (ALIBIRD, S2018/BAA-4343) and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2016-76736-C3-1-R). Celia Bañares also thanks the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the European Social Fund for a pre-doctoral FPI grant (BES-2017-080853).Peer reviewe