Estimation of the spherical coordinates of multiple broadband targets via adaptive beamforming and nonlinear least squares

The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.1121/1.402960Computer simulation studies of a frequency domain adaptive beamforming algorithm for planar arrays are presented. The algorithm is a modified, complex, least‐mean‐square (LMS) adaptive algorithm that provides estimates of the spherical coordinates (i.e., range, depression angle, and bearing angle) of multiple broadband targets in both the near‐field and far‐field regions of a planar array. Computer simulation results comparing the average range, depression angle, and bearing angle estimation errors as a function of the input signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at a single element in the array, range (near field and far field), and harmonic number (frequency) are presented